综合杂草管理培训

3月30日一早，咖啡种植户们来到思茅区小凹子咖啡庄园，参加雨林联盟和普洱天辰咖啡有限公司举办的“综合杂草管理培训”。

种植户们学习了咖啡园中杂草的综合管理（化学和非化学方法）理论知识、杂草和土壤肥力之间的相互关系，以及化学除草剂对咖啡园生态的影响等。

本次培训采用参与式的方法，组织农户们到田间地头进行杂草收集比赛，并对带回的材料进行软草和硬草的识别。大家积极参与，气氛十分热烈。

深根系的杂草与咖啡竞争营养，从而导致咖啡产量减少。但浅根系的杂草有助于水和养分保持，增加土壤微生物多样性，从而增进咖啡根系营养交换的能力，为高质量、高产量结果提供益处。

所以在咖啡园的管理中，我们应避免广泛使用草甘膦等化学除草剂。而是首先学习识别软草和硬草，然后在不同时期分别进行杂草管理，保留软草，去除硬草。这样不仅更好地控制养分竞争，还可以通过逐步改善软草的种类来增加土壤中的微生物和必须元素，为咖啡生长提供所需水分和关键营养素。

Integrated Weed Management Training

On the morning of March 30, 2023, coffee farmers came to Xiao Ao Zi Coffee Farm in Simao District to participate in the "Integrated Weed Management Training" organized by Pu'er Tianchen Coffee Co., Ltd. and Rainforest Alliance.

Farmers learned the methodology of integrated weed management (chemical and non-chemical methods) in coffee plantations, the relationship between weeds and soil fertility, and the impact of chemical herbicides on coffee garden ecology.

This training took a participatory approach, taking farmers to go to the fields for a weed collection competition, and identifying soft Vs. noxious weeds. Everyone participated in an enthusiastic and friendly atmosphere.

Weeds with deep root systems compete with coffee tree for nutrients, resulting in reduced coffee yields. However, weeds with shallow root systems help in water and nutrient retention and increase soil microbial diversity, thereby enhancing the ability of coffee roots exchanging nutrients, providing benefits for high-quality, high-yield coffee fruit setting.

Therefore, in the management of coffee farms, we should avoid the widespread use of chemical herbicides such as glyphosate. Instead, identify soft and noxious weed first, and then conduct separate weed management accordingly, keeping the soft weed and removing the noxious ones. This will keep nutrient competition control, and also increase the micro-organisms, providing the water and key nutrients needed for coffee growth.